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The Babesia (qPCR) product is used to detect sequences specific to selected species of protozoa of the genus Babesia in DNA preparations obtained from ticks and blood samples taken from humans and dogs.
Kit size: 100 reactions
Reaction: duplex (FAM: selected Babesia species, HEX: internal control)
Internal control: exogenous/endogenous
Determination: qualitative/quantitative
Kit components:
The Babesia (qPCR) product detects DNA sequences of the three most important species of babesia infecting humans and dogs: B. canis, B. divergens, and B. gibsoni. In addition, the species B. capreoli, B. hongkongensis, and B. odocoilei are also detected.
Babesia (qPCR) is a genus of protozoa that causes a parasitic disease called babesiosis (piroplasmosis). This genus includes over 100 different species that constitute a group of intracellular parasites. Babesia are parasites of vertebrate erythrocytes (dogs, rodents, cattle, deer), including humans. The vectors of infection are ticks, in Poland Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus.
The incubation period lasts from 1 to 6 weeks, sometimes extending up to 3 months. Clinical symptoms are associated with the parasite entering erythrocytes and include hemoglobinuria and hematuria, hemolytic anemia, jaundice, increased activity of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia sometimes occur. Babesiosis resembles malaria in its symptoms. Patients experience fever above 40°C, headache, muscle pain, chills, nausea, weight loss, and organ complications. Babesiosis is treated with antiprotozoal drugs (mefloquine, quinine, atovaquone) and certain antibiotics (e.g., clindamycin).
The main etiological factor of babesiosis in humans in Europe is B. divergens. There have also been isolated cases of infection with B. microti, which is the main cause of babesiosis in northeastern America. Despite the widespread occurrence of B. microti in Europe and confirmed human exposure to this species of babesia, it is not considered a significant factor in pathogenesis. This is most likely due to the low pathogenicity of European strains of B. microti. Other species whose sporadic presence in humans has been confirmed include B. bigemina (Texas in North America), B. duncani (northern Pacific coast), B. odocoilei (Alps region), and B. venatorum (Germany).
In dogs, babesiosis is primarily caused by B. canis (B. canis canis, B. canis vogeli, and B. canis rossi). Other species of these parasites found in dogs include B. microti and Babesia gibsoni. In some areas of Europe, isolated cases of canine babesiosis caused by B. caballi and B. equi, which typically infect horses, have been reported.
