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The Blastocystis subtypes/Dientamoeba fragilis (qPCR) product is used to detect sequences specific to subtypes of protozoa of the genus Blastocystis and the protozoan Dientamoeba fragilis in DNA preparations obtained from feces.
Kit size: 100 reactions
Reaction: riplex (FAM: subtypes of protozoa of the genus Blastocystis, Texas Red: Dientamoeba fragilis, HEX: internal control)
Internal control: exogenous/endogenous
Determination: qualitative/quantitative
Kit components:
Blastocystis is a genus of single-celled intestinal parasites commonly found in the digestive tract of humans and animals. It is believed to be the most commonly detected protozoan in human stool samples, especially in developing countries, where the infection rate can be as high as 50%. For a long time, it was thought that Blastocystis infections were asymptomatic and had no impact on health. However, more recent studies indicate a possible link between this parasite and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, anal itching, excessive gas, and weight loss. The infection is most commonly transmitted via the fecal-oral route, through contaminated water and food.
The exact mechanisms of pathogenesis are not yet fully understood. Some studies suggest that Blastocystis may disrupt the balance of the gut microbiota, leading to dysbiosis. Others, however, point to its possible positive role in maintaining microbial diversity and supporting the immune response. To date, 28 subtypes of Blastocystis have been described. However, only several of them can infect humans, with ST1–ST4 being the most commonly detected. The genetic variability of these subtypes may explain the differences in the course of infection and its impact on human health.
Dientamoeba fragilis is a parasitic protozoan that lives in the human large intestine. It is responsible for causing a disease called dientamoebiasis. Although it lacks flagella, it is classified as a trichomonad based on its ultrastructural features and genetic analysis. Infection with this parasite is worldwide, but it is more common in children, people in psychiatric hospitals, and missionaries. The infection can have a variety of symptoms, ranging from acute episodes of diarrhea and abdominal pain to chronic symptoms resembling irritable bowel syndrome. The most commonly reported symptoms include bloating, fatigue, and loss of appetite.
The mode of transmission of D. fragilis is not fully understood – no cyst form has been identified, which distinguishes it from other intestinal parasites. There is a hypothesis that it may be transmitted via pinworm eggs (Enterobius vermicularis), which could act as a vector. The infection can spread within the family, leading to long-lasting relapses. Due to its nonspecific symptoms, D. fragilis infection can be difficult to diagnose and is often confused with other gastrointestinal diseases, especially in places where diagnosis of this parasite is not routine.
